As a wrap-up for the 2024 expedition, we thought you would like to know what our scientist Dr. Jean-Luc Solandt said to Reef Check:
During the 2024 expedition we had to operate near to Guraidhoo (four sites) for most of the week due to the high winds. We also surveyed Bandos Island in N Male’ atoll.
Surprisingly reasonably healthy reefs just near to Guraidhoo island (Guraidhoo backreef) where we saw considerable damage in 2022 after the construction of the infilled back reef (see this report). In some (particularly back reef) reef areas there appears to have been dominance of lifeforms other than Acropora – moving towards non-Acropora genera such as Porites rus and Porites cylindrica that are also dominant at Baybe’s.
Porites species dominance
This was evident at Guraidhoo back reef. Guraidhoo fore reef, however, has not recovered its pre-development coral reef condition. Perhaps because the conditions are not suitable for both sediment and wave-action tolerant coral lifeforms such as Porites rus.
These patterns will be discussed in the 2024 report.
The 2024 expedition is done. Instead of waxing lyrical again, why not let some of those involved speak:
Thank you to all of you involved in the expedition. Thank you for making it possible through your input of time and money. Thank you for helping to build a unique dataset, telling a significant story of hope in what can sometimes be a bleak world of nature conservation, especially for coral reefs. We will have to see what comes of it.
So finally, honour where honour is due, here they are, our heroes of the reef:
Four days into the expedition, we’ve hit the groove. The first couple of days were intense, as always – cramming fish ID, invertebrates, substrate, coral disease & impact into citizen scientists’ brains, no gain without pain, late night sessions, tests, re-tests, success, until it all drops off and we can get into the real work of surveying. Well done to the team for rising to the challenge.
Yesterday, we did a test survey and this group of citizen scientist divers quietly got on with the job so well that our professional scientist Jean-Luc accepted the data. More surveys today, despite the squalls and the currents. Now, as night has fallen and I type away, they are on a night lazy dive, meaning there’s no surveying involved. Whether this is a reward or not, I am not sure.
The story from the Maldives that seems to be developing here, may be one of global significance, with echoes of it around other places in the tropics. The inner reefs, built over millennia in shallow waters, are suffering and increasingly seem doomed by climate change. Their corals simply cannot cope with the higher temperatures, gradually fading and dying, leaving space for other lifeforms to take over. Lifeforms that do not build reefs, so ocean rainforests turn to monocultures devoid of much life except a few specialised species. The outer reefs, however, exposed to colder waters from the open ocean are more resilient. But here too a great shift seems to be going on – the corals that cannot tolerate warmer waters fade away; the ones that can cope better with warmer waters survive and take over the vacant spaces. Evolution in action, reminiscent of a great city where gangs fight for turf and survival.
Does that mean that the outlook for reefs is not as bleak as it seems? Who knows. We need more time to study this, compare it to other parts of the world and draw conclusions. Whether we have the time to do this is another story. The supertanker is heading towards the harbour wall at full speed and nobody has turned the rudder around so far – far from it. Whatever we do, the corals themselves will provide the answer over time. The planet itself does not care what we humans do to it anyway. It’s been through much bigger upheavals and it is still the insignificant speck of dust it has always been at the edge of the great expanse of time and space.
But right here, in our very own great expanse of blue and azure, on this liveaboard, with this team of enthusiastic and capable citizen scientists and newly qualified Reef Check Ecodivers, it means our dives are not depressing at all. We’ve seen healthy reefs with healthy corals. Some bouncing back from development and other stresses, some quietly doing their thing despite the climate upheavals above the water.
So we dive right in, lay our 100 m line of science, count the fish, invertebrates, corals and much more along it and come out smiling. And that really is a reward, well deserved by all those on board who have opted to be small cogs in the wheels of reef research and conservation. Thank you for this.
We’re here, we’ve set up and all is well. It’s a muggy 30 C and there is rain forecast tonight. This won’t change much over the week.
Here are a few names to remember: Most importantly there’s Dileepa (cook), Randika (waiter), Mox, Antoine, Lorae (dive guides), Lukas (deck hand), Jean-Luc (scientist), Matthias (expedition leader), as well as a few other crew who are here to make sure the expedition runs smoothly.
All it needs now is you, our citizen scientists. Safe travels and we’ll see you at 11:00 at the Coffee Club tomorrow. Be prepared for a mind dump, some hard studying and exams at teh end, before we let you lose on the data collection.
Biosphere Expeditions has continued its long-term partnership with Lilongwe Wildlife Trust, researching and monitoring wildlife populations in Vwaza Marsh Wildlife Reserve.
The Malawi expedition has a particular focus on surveying elephants and hippos, as well as camera trap surveys of other wild animals. Analysis of elephant dung was also carried out to assess whether elephants had been eating crops grown in fields outside the reserve. The 2024 expedition also continued the process started in the earlier expeditions of identifying individual matriarch and adult bull elephants. Building this database of individual elephants will help greatly in mapping the demographics, movements and health of the elephant herds in Vwaza.
The 2024 expedition counted 296 elephants over 34 sightings, 339 hippos over five complete lake-side transects and collected and analysed 24 elephant dung samples (yielding 1743 seeds). The expedition also identified or created 17 ID profiles of elephants, with at least one re-sighting. Seventeen camera traps throughout the expedition provided evidence of hyaena, civet, genet, two species of mongoose and honey badger, amongst other species.
Expedition Leader Roland Arnison, who also led the 2022 and 2023 expeditions in Vwaza, said that “this was another successful expedition, carrying out field research tasks that, practically, can only be carried out by a team of hard-working citizen scientists. I am confident that the results gathered from this expedition will make an important contribution to the conservation of endangered species and biodiversity in Vwaza”.
Head of Research at LWT, Dr Leandra Stracquadanio, who was the expedition scientist, said “the data that we collected during this expedition is invaluable for us to continue our monitoring of elephant and hippo populations, as well as the overall biodiversity within Vwaza. The team did an excellent job and produced high-quality data that will inform ongoing and future conservation planning.”
Citizen scientists feedback:
Roland and Lea and the team really made this entire experience incredible. Kathy H., USA
It’s a great experience and I really felt us being here was useful. Sanne W., Netherlands
Really enjoyed that each day had a different combination of activities. Really positive leadership by Roland and Lea. Pam G., UK
The expedition was well set up and organised and there was not a day that I felt like something was out of place. Glory M., Malawi
This is my fourth expedition to Vwaza Marsh with Biosphere Expeditions. Another wonderful experience, finished off with a very special visit from the elephants and their babies coming right past our campfire as we were having dinner on our last night. Janet B., UK
On the very last day of this year’s Arabia expedition group 2 discovered a pharaoh eagle owl nest with two fluffy chicks in it. The nest was well hidden in a ghaf tree with one parent always on watch. This discovery was a direct result of our surveys, which led the scientists to believe there was an active nest site somewhere around the west ghaf grove. Further tips and investigations finally led us to the nest. Science is often like a puzzle: Putting together tiny pieces to paint a picture. Great team work, everyone!
Group 2 also completed the DDCR’s annual circular observations project by surveying the remaining quadrats. Once again, two teams completed this inventory by surveying 62 quadrats from a central point by walking many kilometres up and down dunes enduring heat and wind. Well done, all of you! By doing that you have done, you have created yet another piece of the puzzle that will assist in the effective management of the DDCR.
Overall results from both groups include recordings of about 70 different species inside the DDCR. Eighteen new pharaoh eagle owl nesting sites were found, all of which will be monitored for activity. On the bird census the teams recorded more than 45 different species including a first record of a long-eared owl.
Thank you everyone for joining us in the desert and for putting your time, money and efforts into this flagship conservation project. I hope you enjoyed it as much as we did.
First, some exciting news from the desert expedition front: Group 1 discovered a new bird species in the DDCR, a long-eared owl. They spotted the animal on a final morning stroll around camp in a ghaf tree. Matthias and Pete came sprinting back to camp getting their cameras and managed to get good pictures. Only at the computer screen it later became obvious that it wasn’t the expected pharao eagle owl, but a long-eared owl, a species that has never before been recorded in the DDCR. The identification was confirmed by specialists a couple of days ago and will soon be added to the official DDCR bird inventory list. Congratulations for this discovery.
After two intensive training days group 2 is in now full survey mode. We are ticking off remaining quadrant surveys and have extended the pharao eagle owl surveys in order to find actual nesting sites. Scientist Maria received a tip indeed found a nest with chicks in it. If we continue to bring in neatly filled in data sheets and good results, she promised she’d take us to see them! 😉
At camp we had a midnight encounter with an Arabian red fox. The tiny beast somehow managed to push over a big rubbish bin, 10 times bigger than itself, and rummaged through the contents. The rubbish bin has now a heavy log on top and the sighting was added to the random encounter data sheet.
The days are getting hotter and it doesn’t cool down dramatically at night. For the last few days it’s been a little foggy in the morning and we enjoyed amazing desert views on the way to our early morning surveys. We had the camp fire going once in the evening, but from day two on everyone was quite happy to hit their tent straight after returning from dinner… there seems to be a pattern. 😉
Continue reading “Arabia: Long-eared owl discovery”
Group 1 has left – thank you so much for your efforts and being a great group. Group 2 arrived safely at camp on Monday after a tour at the DDCR visitor centre. After the vehicle & driver training, we waved Simon goodbye. Other obligations are calling for his return to Austria – travel safely, Simon!
We will be a smaller group of seven citizen scientists for the next week and are determined to finish up what group 1 started. We’ll be all ready to head out on our own once we have finished Tuesday’s introduction to the science and practical training in the field.
Today is Saturday and we have said farewell to group 1 after an good week with a hidden bonus as we packed up camp this morning, more of which later!
After a week of hard work, the team completed 55 (of 62) quadrat surveys, multiple bird counts (where Matthias and Georgina deserve special mention for passing on their extensive knowledge to other citizen scientists) and the hunt for the elusive Pharaoh eagle owl goes on. Our camera traps captured Arabian red foxes, Arabian hare and jerboa, none of which we spotted during daylight hours.
We did spot and identified 58 different species within the DDRC – it might have been more if some of us had realised we were counting insects too 😉 In total we racked up 44 bird, 8 mammals, 4 reptile and 3 insect species. Highlights included our flagship species, the Arabian oryx, as well as desert foxes and plenty of Arabian and sand gazelles.
Weather has been very pleasant with slightly cooler temperatures than earlier in the week, which enabled us to get more survey work done in in the afternoons. Most of us revisited the highly recommended new Visitors Centre here at the DDRC to help identify what we’d seen, or perhaps it was because it is the nearest Costa Coffee shop…. 🙂
We rounded off group 1’s week with an evening meal at our desert camp. A superb South Tyrolean pasta dish and a pepper side dish produced by the amazing Elisabeth. We all hope she comes on an expedition again 😉
Ah, nearly forgot the bonus. While breaking camp this morning, our birders suddenly got very excited and rushed off to a nearby ghaf tree. There, roosting in the branches, was what we think was a long-eared owl. Photographs were taken and will be sent to the Dubai Birding Committee for confirmation. If we’re right, this would be a huge first for the DDRC. Standby group 2, the location is right next door to camp!
It’s day four on our desert expedition and while I am writing this, everyone else is out in the field collecting data. We work in four teams swapping activities such as circular observation, bird census and pharaoh eagle owl survey. All data collected in the field also need to be typed in to the computer, which makes data entry another activity we will bring in in a couple of days. The daily routine works well: Getting up at 5:30, breakfast at 6:00 and heading out into the field at 7:00. The teams are back at camp in the afternoon for tea, coffee & a refreshing cold shower before the daily de-brief at 17:30, planning the next day and dinner afterwards.
The temperature has increased gradually day by day (30C/15C day/night) and with some cloud cover, we experienced early morning mist today for the first time. I bet the animals and plants very much enjoyed the humid air as much as we did during the early morning survey walks.
You will be hearing from us again once this group is done and we can give you a summary of what we have achieved so far. Tomorrow will be another packed survey day, same as on Friday morning, when we will collect the camera trap SD cards for reviewing.
